<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title type="full"><title type="main">Identifying relations between characters in Afrikaans, Tshiven?a, and Xitsonga book</title><title type="sub"/></title></titleStmt><author><persName><surname>van Zaanen</surname><forename>Menno</forename></persName><affiliation>South African Centre for Digital Language Resources, South Africa</affiliation><email>respect.mlambo@nwu.ac.za</email></author><author><persName><surname>Trollip</surname><forename>Benito</forename></persName><affiliation>South African Centre for Digital Language Resources, South Africa</affiliation></author><author><persName><surname>Ramukhadi</surname><forename>Phathuthsedzo</forename></persName><affiliation>South African Centre for Digital Language Resources, South Africa</affiliation></author><author><persName><surname>Mlambo</surname><forename>Respect</forename></persName><affiliation>South African Centre for Digital Language Resources, South Africa</affiliation></author><editionStmt><edition><date>43920</date></edition></editionStmt><publicationStmt><publisher>Name, Institution</publisher><address><addrLine>Street</addrLine><addrLine>City</addrLine><addrLine>Country</addrLine><addrLine>Name</addrLine></address></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><p>Converted from an OASIS Open Document</p></sourceDesc></fileDesc><encodingDesc><appInfo><application ident="DHCONVALIDATOR" version="1.22"><label>DHConvalidator</label></application></appInfo></encodingDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="ConfTool" n="category"><term>Paper</term></keywords><keywords scheme="ConfTool" n="subcategory"><term>Short Presentation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="ConfTool" n="keywords"><term>African languages</term><term>literary analysis</term><term>named entity recognition</term><term>network analysis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="ConfTool" n="topics"><term>Africa</term><term>English</term><term>Contemporary</term><term>electronic literature production and analysis</term><term>natural language processing</term><term>Literary studies</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><text><body><p>The usefulness of computational linguistic tools, such as named entity recognition (NER) systems, in linguistic or literary studies of under-resourced languages is an area that is still relatively unexplored. We applied NER systems to one Afrikaans novel and two scanned dramas, one in Tshiven?a and one in Xitsonga. Personal relations are identified through character name co-occurence in sentences and these relationships are visualized using Gephi, following the approach by Van de Ven et al. (2018). The research identified several practical problems: low quality OCR, low quality NER, limited amounts of NE and language specific issues.</p></body></text></TEI>